Improvement in churns



W. M. K. THORNTON.

ycHURNs. No. 182,001. vPatented Sept. 5,

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM M. K. THORNTON, OF ST. LOUIS,MISSOURI.

IMPROVEMENT IN cHuRNs.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 182,001, dated September5, 1876; application led July 26,1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. K. THORN- TON, of the city and county ofSt. Louis, and State of Missouri, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Ohurns; and I do hereby declare that the following isafull, clear,

and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making part of thisy specification, in which-Figure l is a vertical central section of the tub of my improved churn,showing the parts in workingorder. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of thedasher. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the parts by which the dasher isoperated. Fig. 4 is a modification, showing the manner of connectingthedasher with its operating parts. Fig. 5 is an elevation of a dasherof somewhat modified construction. Fig. 6 is a front view of the same.Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the same in theline x of Fig. 6. Fig.Sis an elevation of a butter gatherer, used after completing thechurning operation. Fig. 9 is a transverse section of the same in theline y y.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction, combination,and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and specically claimed,whereby a very durable, cheap, and ecient churn is produced.

The object of Vmy invention is to effect the churning and gathering ofbutter more rapidly and perfectly, and to make the operation of handlingand cleaning the parts moreconvenient.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I willproceed to describe it.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the tub of the churn, coveredby a lid consisting of two halves, B. Diametrically t opposite eachother, at or near the top of the tub A, are two sockets, a, made, bypreference, of metal, and fastened to the sides of the said tub in aconvenient manner. The sockets a receive the shanks c of a bail, C,which supports the dasher motion. The said bail C has a boss, c',between two curved uprights, D, which end in a boss, d, with ahorizontal pivot-pin, d', through it. The boss c is provided with abearing for a vertical shaft, E, which is prevented from falling out ofits bearings by a pin, e, or other similar means, and which, below theboss c', is provided with a beveled pinion, F, and a sockct,f. Thesocket freceives the shaft G of the dasher, with which. it is rigidlyconnected by a pin, f. The pin` ion F is driven by a toothed sector, H,which is supported by the pivot-pin d', and provided y with a handle orcrank, h. The plain back of the sector bears against a steady-wheel, I,

which is pivoted to a yoke-shaped bracket, z', attached to the bail C.The dasher consists of a shaft, steadied by a center pin, a', at thebottom of the tub A, with two horizontal cross arms, g, between whichbottomless troughs J are pivoted by means of rods K. The said rods Kpass through the arms g and the V- shaped connectingboards L ofthetrough-boards J', and thus permit the said troughs to freely revolve.The centers of revolution of the troughs J on the bearings lin theboards L for the rods -K are placed much nearer to the converging endsof the boards L than to their diverging ends, and by which the troughsare thrown out of balance. In consequence of the said construction theconverging ends of the boards L always present front7 in theiroperation, or the closeredgesof the side boards J' are ahead, as shownby `an arrow in Fig. 7. .The boards J' are provided with one or morerows of holes, j, made obliquely in the said boards, so that theircenter lines will meet at the rear of the trough. This construction ofthe holes j facilitates .the motion of the troughs J through the cream,as the cream passes more rapidly and almost withou friction through thesaid holes. By sharpening up the front edges of the boards J', thefriction of the dashers is still more reduced.

For gathering the butter, the troughs J are removed, and thebutter-gatherers M putin their places. The said butter gatherers Mconsist of three-winged boards m, with scalloped front edges m1, andcentral holes m2 for the insertion of the rods K, around which theyswing or turn freely.

The dash boards J may be provided with rods N, fastened between theboards L, to increase the number of currents created by the operation ofthe dash-boards, and thereby accelerate the formation of butter.

Operation The tub A islled tvvo-thirdsfof.l its capacity With cream; thelids-B are putin their places, andthe handle is moved up and down by theoperator, therebycreating a number of alternate revolutions of thedasher" to the right and left. The troughs J being overbalanced, theyright 'themselves immediately at each reversed stroke of the sector H.

The cream at and around the holes j is forced y through the same in anumberof' currents, Which have a very small allowance of space and timefor reuniting, as they divide in the same manner in quick succession.Theopersmall lumps and c1ods,'the reby notifying the operator thatthe'churnin g is perfected. The operator now removes `the dasher motionby taking the bail'G from the sockets a. rIhe lids B are then removed,and the shaft Gi' taken from the tub. The troughs J' are removed, thebutter-gatherers M put in their places, and the shaft G inserted intothe cream again. The dasher-motion is nowput in place again, and thelids B are put uponthe tub A.' The operator sets the machinein motion,and the ybutter-gatherers, being balanced, but meetingl with lessresistance near the shaft Gr than near the inside periphery of the tub4A, revolve around their own axes in a direction opposite to that of therevolving vshaft G, according to well-known mechanical laws. Thegyrations of the butter-gatherers cause the heavier parts of the creamto be dashed out of the Way, While the lighter particles of butter arecrowded into the corners-near. the center of the g'atherer, to whichthey adhere, con gregatin g grad'- ually in `big lumps. The scallopededges of divided particlesof butter and curd separated,

and prevent a massing and sinking down of: v butter-loaded'curd inthemilk. WhenV the` curd is freed from the butter, the operatorremovestheshaft G,with the butter-gatherers., from the machine in theabete-described manner, and then secures the butter.

Itisevident that as there are neither inclined float-s nor guides, norany vertical motion'of the troughs, the agitation of the cream isentirely devoid of bubbling, squirting, and surging; but it simplyconsists in a swift m0- tion of the cream in a horizontal direction,

y which does not prevent the rising of the lighter particles. l

The more skeleton-shaped-th'e troughs are the better they work. v

ABy placing rods N between the dash-boards I subdivide the currentscreated by the holes j, and enhance the eiciency of my machine,

especially when it is of-y large size. The trough and thebuttengatherersmight be'altogether made: of metal, butA I prefer wood, on account ofits cheapness, and because it-doe's not corrode.

4Having described my invention, what 1 claim, .and desire tosecure byLetters Patent, is-

` l.. vThe dasher J, constructed', as described,

in angular form, and pivoted to the arm got` the vertical shaft Gr,which has a number of revolutions, alternately,.in right and leftdirections,

substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The dasher J, constructed of thefdiverg- -i'ng and converging sidesJ.' J', adaptedfto automatically turn upon vrods K, in combination withthesha't G,'substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

3. In a churn,the combination of the shaft G, provided with arms g,pivoted dashers JJ',-

andi segment H, substantially as and for the' purpose described'.

4.. In a churn, the combination of theshaft G, arms g, and removablerods K, whereby `the troughs J may be substituted by buttergatherers M,and vice versa, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Witness my hand in the matter of my application for a patent for animproved churn lthis 24.thv day ot July, 1876. 1 the butter-gatherersserve to keep the linelyv WILLIAM M. K. THORNTON.

Witnesses:

B. V. GHAsE, LoUIs-L. Hicks.

